The Negative Effects of Alcholism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Negative Effects of Alcholism - Essay Example This study is hereby written with the objective of presenting relevant issues confounding alcoholism, specifically, the negative effects of this illness. It further aims to determine various solutions to address this preventable dilemma. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services define alcoholism, also known as â€Å"alcohol dependence,† as â€Å"a disease that includes four symptoms: craving: a strong need, or compulsion, to drink; loss of control: The inability to limit one’s drinking on any given occasion; physical dependence: Withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety, occur when alcohol use is stopped after a period of heavy drinking; and tolerance: The need to drink greater amounts of alcohol in order to â€Å"get high.† (2001, par. 1) â€Å"The American Medical Association and the World Health Organization have both recognized addiction (including alcoholism) as an illness, not a lack of willpower†. (Dossey, Keegan, & Guzzetta, 2000, 514). Definitely, this is a fact that pervades people from all walks of life depending on diverse factors. According to Dossey, et.al. (2000), â€Å"although there are many types of addictions to various substances, alcohol addiction is the most prevalent in the United States, afflicting at least 11 million people†. There are a multitude of scholarly researches written on alcoholism and diverse concerns related to it. This paper aims to delve into the negative effects of alcoholism to individuals. Through secondary sources from books, journals and electronic references, appropriate materials would enable one to proffer a comprehensive and objective view of the topic. Starting with a background of alcoholism, a general view of the illness is presented. The findings would initially proffer the rationale for drinking. It would determine how one is considered to be addicted to alcohol. Then, the negative effects of alcoholism would be presented. Finally, key facts and

How Globalisation Complicates the Process of Business Management and Essay

How Globalisation Complicates the Process of Business Management and Yet Increases Profitability - Essay Example On the other hand, globalisation is inevitably associated with the changes in competitive dynamics, which necessitate the creation and implementation of new business strategies and lead to profound shifts in management consciousness at a global scale. How globalisation drives profitability and complicates business management in international banking is a difficult question. The current state of research into the effects and implications of globalisation for business management and profitability is rather scarce. The main goal of this research is to analyse primary and secondary information in regards to the changes in profitability and business practices as a result of globalisation and internationalisation in the banking sector. Research aims and objectives The main research question is â€Å"how globalisation complicates global banking business and yet increases overall profitability for stakeholders and promoters for global banking enterprises†. ... of globalisation on business management practices; Understand how globalisation raises profitability; Estimate the mechanisms behind globalisation, profitability, and management practices in the banking sector. Literature review The current state of research provides a wealth of information about globalisation and its implications for various economic processes. Much of what was written and said about globalisation revolves around the topic of macroeconomic policies, financial internationalisation, and the shifts in competitive dynamics. However, contemporary scholars display increased interest toward the issues of globalisation and its effects on profitability and business management in organisations. Recent studies and research findings provide useful information about how globalisation affects businesses and decision-making processes in the new, global reality. The significance of the relationship between globalisation and management practices cannot be underestimated. More often than not, globalisation in management reflects through the development and implementation of the universal global standards of professional decision-making. In this context, international accounting and financial standards are among the most frequently discussed topics in professional literature. Beke (2010) suggests that the adoption of international financial standards by firms leads to better profitability and improved quality of accounting practices and decisions in organisations. Furthermore, harmonisation and standardisation of management practices are the most regular consequences of using international financial standards by firms (Beke 2010). Ultimately, it is due to the use of international financial/ accounting standards that businesses spend less time and money managing their

Article Nisarg Essay Example for Free

Article Nisarg Essay SME stands for Small and Midsize enterprises. The definition defers from country to country. A business that maintains its revenue or employees below a certain standard is called an SME. The European definition for SMEs is â€Å"The businesses which have less than 250 employees and the annual revenue is less than 50 million euro (or annual balance sheet total less than 43 million euro) are called SMEs.† India has defined SMEs under Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act, 2006. It says for a small sized enterprise the investment in plant and machinery should be between 25 lakh and 5 crore and for a medium sized enterprise it should be minimum 5 crore and should not exceed 10 crore. This definition is applicable to the enterprises which are in manufacturing sector. For the enterprises which render services, if the investment is between 10 lakh to 2 crore they are called small sized and if the investment is between 2 crore to 5 crore they are called medium sized enterprises. The SME sector has been of prime importance for India as it involves less capital investment and is highly labour intensive. It boasts of being second highest in providing employment and contributes to our goal of inclusive growth and equal distribution of resources. SMEs prompts private ownership, instils entrepreneur skills in the youth and establishes powerful market supply chain. The report published by Ministry of Small and Midsize Enterprise says around 45% of the total output and 40% of the total export of the country comes from SMEs by employing 106.1 million people over 26 million units in 2013. It contributes around 22% to the nation’s GDP. Now instead of discussing the past the immense potential ahead prompts me to throw some more lights on future of SMEs and how India can fulfil its â€Å"Make in India† dream through it. Now in the world of cut throat competition it is  very important that we use all the technological resources we have. The next generation is to be driven by innovations and technology. The initial development in our SME sector was the result of the government policy of promotion and protection of small business units. But now after 1991 reforms and in the era of globalization the small business units are open to extensive competition from small and big giants all over the world. Therefore it has become essential that India shifts from technology transfer to technology innovation. The recent research work published by BCG says if Indian SMEs adopt latest IT tools they could generate additional revenue of $56 billion and can add 1.1 million jobs. One such tool is cloud computing which has changed the way IT solutions are being delivered. Cloud computing can provide cheaper solutions as it adopts pay per use policy. It reduces total operation cost and total cost of ownership by alleviating the risk for the cash strapped SMEs. The cloud facility enables secure storage and transfer of data. As the maintenance and software up gradation is taken care by the service provider it saves the company’s time and resources. To improve our supply chain further we can use computerized tracking and shipping devices along with electronic billing systems. There are plenty of supply chain related mobile apps like MCSA, Mobile TMS applications, Mobile Solutions by SAP and Oracle products. With barcode scanning, speech recognition features, high quality digital cameras and other auto run instruments provide high class warehouse functioning. Let me give an example to exhibit that. John Deere used SmartOps software platform and helped equipment supplier increase it’s on time shipments dealers from 63% to 92%, while reducing inventory by nearly $1 billion. Here one more thing to note is that we are in 21st century but our electric grid is a 20th century structure. It is highly inefficient and may breakdown any time. In 2003 we observed east-coast wide black out in India. The first step to resolve the issue can be the use of Smart Meters. It can relay a range of information about electricity usage, can give utility and customers alike a real time picture of how much power they are using at any point in time. The electricity can be used efficiently at time when the overall demand is low and the meter helps in doing that. By doing so we are smoothing the demand curves of power plants and utilizing the current power plants fully instead  of establishing the new ones. Apart from that the SMEs can use technology to market their products on social media. There are many cost effective tools available like websites, blogs, emails etc. One of the most popular and heavily used such tool is Facebook. It provides facility of flexible budgeting and provision to target a highly specific audience as shown below. Along with all the benefits that we extract from our SMEs we must ensure that we don’t harm our environment and use green technology as much as we can. The e-waste produced by the enterprises have to be managed properly. CloudBlue, based in New Jersey, helps tech companies process their e-waste on the site as well. So in nutshell technology is the answer to the question posed by the harmful effects produced by the technology. Hence I think India must keep including SMEs in its five year plans and should highly focus on the use of technology and innovation to develop this sector. We must use our executive wing to make time to time reforms. If taken as national goal I am confident our poor and middle class will surely come out of mediocrity and contribute to the development of the nation and we will be able to drive this third global cycle of development along with China. References: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_and_medium-sized_enterprises http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/smallandmidsizeenterprises.asp msme.gov.in www.google.com www.facebook.com

Techniques of Data Warehousing

Techniques of Data Warehousing Data Warehousing is the method for reporting and data analysis, also known to be the care component of business intelligence environment.   Data can be a wide range of things, form financial to management.   With everybody within the organization having access to some form of data; security and integrity is always at risk. A Transactional Database is where a database transaction might consist of one or more data-manipulation statements and queries, each reading and/or writing information in the database.   Ex. Gym memberships, credit card purchases and mostly every banking transaction in all countries are recorded in databases unless youre paying cash.   The risk and integrity of these transactions are always accessed.   Many insurance company take the risk that their customers may never need them but always pay the bill. Even though there are some laws regarding the disclosure of health and other private information.   But the legal protection of privacy regarding the disclosure of grocery shopping habits and other things for example is slim to none in the US.   Therefore, you are at the mercy of the self-imposed privacy policies of the individual companies you deal with along with your ability to stay out of those transactional databases in the first place. Within a data warehouse you have two systems in place; OLTP and OLAP.   OLTP (On-line Transaction Processing) is characterized by a large number of short on-line transactions (INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE). The main emphasis for OLTP systems is put on very fast query processing, maintaining data integrity in multi-access environments and an effectiveness measured by number of transactions per second.   OLAP (On-line Analytical Processing) is characterized by relatively low volume of transactions. Queries are often very complex and involve aggregations. For OLAP systems a response time is an effectiveness measure. OLAP applications are widely used by Data Mining techniques. Another important factor to consider is the use of Business Intelligence.   Business Intelligence or BI is the technology infrastructure for gaining maximum information from available data for the purpose of improving business processes.   Typical BI infrastructure components are as follows: software solution for gathering, cleansing, integrating, analyzing and sharing data.   Business Intelligence produces analysis and provides believable information to help making effective and high quality business decisions. Data across Borders have become more common and frequent in everyday business.   Over the last 20 years, patterns of global dataflow have evolved at a rapid pace due to developments in global communication networks and business processes. As data is moved from data center to data center and/or across borders, security breaches become a tangible risk. To effectively protect data you must consider its lifecycle. The main features of the data lifecycle are: Create/Capture: To Receive or create data, whether captured from a website, a file transfer or a physical acquisition, will affect handling. Every method of creation or capture is going to require a different form of protection to ensure the information is safeguarded. Index and Classify: Once the data has been securely acquired, certain rules must be applied. The first step is to identify the type of data acquired. Is it personally identifiable information (PII)? Is it an image or a document? What kind of document is it?   Categorizing the document will make the process mare efficient. Store/Manage:   Where the data is stored will drive what protection controls are applied. If the data consists of PII or potential PII, then the organization may be legally required to store the data in a disk-based encryption format and encrypt backup copies of the data. Retrieve/Publish: After securely transferring data across the border, enable availability for use by ensuring that data is encrypted at each stage when transferred, stored and displayed.   Data cannot be decrypted in countries where it is not being transferred to, and access to systems such as network paths which enable cross-border transfers must be controlled. Process: To ensure the data is only used for authorized purposes and in compliance with applicable laws, application controls and metadata tagging are helpful tools. Archive: Once Data in not nedded, issues of long-term storage in compliance with the applicable policies and legal requirements arise. Is the backup onsite or offsite? Do your backups cross international borders? Are the backups governed by other countries privacy and data protection laws? The answers to these questions will help ensure that all potential risk areas are mitigated. Destroy: Sooner or later data will be deemed unusable, in accordance with applicable legislation. Ensure the destruction of archives, files, physical copies and any other copies. However, processes need to be in place for data excluded from regularly scheduled destruction cycles. For example, data subject to legal holds and discovery requests, as well as data governed by cross-border privacy legislation. Even with the most robust policies, processes and systems, continuous vigilance is required. Organizations should; Monitor change to regulatory and security. References: http://www.howtovanish.com/2009/11/transactional-databases-what-me-worry/ http://datawarehouse4u.info/OLTP-vs-OLAP.html http://datawarehouse4u.info/What-is-Business-Intelligence.html http://www.globallegalpost.com/commentary/data-across-borders-96787229/

The Crusades Essay -- essays research papers fc

THE CRUSADES Many great civilizations went into a depression after they had their golden age. One of these civilizations was the Western Europe civilization. After the fall of Rome the Western Europe civilization went into the dark ages while Eastern Europe called the Byzantine Empire prospered. Western Europe was brought out of the dark ages by the crusades. The crusades were the one thing that brought Western Europe out of the crusades After Rome fell Western Europe had lost their civilization. All they did all day was work and pray. They did not enjoy any of the pleasures of life. The people of Western Europe needed protection from Germanic tribes that would take their crops and attack people. The people of Western Europe could not do any thing about this because they had no centraliz4ed government to protect them. This led to the institution of feudalism in Western Europe. The feudal system of Western Europe took the place of the centralized government in Western Europe. The basis of the feudal system is protection for work. So all people did was work and pray. During this time the Roman Catholic Church took over Western Europe. It took over Western Europe because people did not have much to live for so they wanted to be in paradise when they died. The thought of being in paradise when you die caught the attention of the people of Western Europe. So most people became catholic. When people heard the Muslims took the city of Jerusalem the people of Western Europe were m...

Instilled Heritage Essay -- essays research papers fc

Instilled Heritage Alice Walker usually puts herself into characters that she writes about in her stories. However, you don’t understand this unless you know about her. Staring with this let us find out about who she is and where she came from. When recounting the life of Alice Walker, you find out that she was born to sharecroppers in Eatonton, Georgia in 1944 and was the baby of eight children. She lost one of her eyes when her brother shot her with a BB gun by accident. She was valedictorian of her class in high school and with that and receiving a scholarship; she went to Spelman, a college for black women, in Atlanta. She then transferred to Sarah Lawrence College in New York and during her time there went Africa as an exchange student. She received her Bachelor of Arts degree from Sarah Lawrence in 1965. She was active in the Civil Rights Movement of the 60’s and as of the 90’s she is still an involved activist. She started her own publishing company in 1984, Wild Tree Press. She is an acclaimed writer and has even received a Pulitzer Prize for the movie, The Color Purple. What is it about her that makes her works so meaningful and persuasive? What provoked her to write what she has? One of her works, a short story called Everyday Use, is a story that she herself can be pictured in. During the opening of this story you find a woman with her two daughters. She and one of her daughters, Maggie, have just cleaned and beautified the yard of their new house. It is very comforting sitting under the Elm tree that is present and blocks the wind from going through the house. It is a place that you feel enveloped in comfort and love. Maggie and Dee, the other daughter are very different, and it is very apparent that mother, is not your ‘everyday’ woman. She, the mother, is â€Å"a larger woman that can kill and clean a hog as mercilessly as a man’ (American Lit, p. 2470). She has no problems doing what needs to be done in order to feed and protect her family. However, the daughters are quite opposite; you have the one, Maggie that has been badly burned and is much scarred, and then Dee, the African Princess want to be. Maggie is very envious of her sis ter and is waiting for the day that she leaves, to further her education. Mother only made it to second grade and back then there wasn’t much to say or do about it, so she settled with what she had. Through the church ... ... lives were lived, that we survived on scraps and patches, the leftovers from the ancestors; we take what no one wanted and make it into something that is loveable and cherished. The heritage that you are looking for is probably looking you in the face. Look around you, discover what you know is there. Remember what brought you where you are and how you got there. Your family is your heritage, no matter the consequences or heartbreaks that happen along the way. There is a reason for everything and it is only then that you can really say that instead of just showing off what you have received or found, put it to Everyday Use. It is everyday that we learn something new. When learning these things, use what you already know to lead the way for your followers to find what they are looking for, heritage is never far from anyone, as a matter of fact, it is instilled in everyone. Works Cited 1. Helga Hoel. "Alice Walker's Everyday Use." Essay on Alice Walker. 17 January 2005. 08 March 2005 . 2. Klinkowitz, Pritchard, Wallace. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2003.

Analyse The Woodpile and compare the language and themes to other Frosts poems

Frost writes a lot about the emotion of solitude and being isolated, either physically or mentally, and this poem is no different. The line, â€Å"I was just far from home†, is a good example to show how isolated and unhappy the narrator is feeling as home is a place of comfort. Pathetic fallacy is used, as the images in this poem set up a bleak icy day that reflects these emotions, for example, â€Å"frozen swamp one grey day†, the adjectives, â€Å"frozen† and â€Å"gray† emphasise this lonely feeling. Frost also gives the reader the impression of the horizon looking the same, emphasising how lost the narrator is feeling, â€Å"Too much alike to mark or name a place by†. There are other poems that resemble the idea of being alone; two examples are Home Burial and The Tuft Of Flowers. Home Burial is, for me, the loneliest poem in this selection, as it says that even though you may be surrounded by people it is possible to feel alone emotionally. In the beginning of the poem The Tuft Of Flowers the narrator is feeling alone physically. However this poem questions whether or not people can ever be truly alone, and, as a contrast to most of Frost's poems like Home Burial, decides you can't. Many parallels can be drawn between Tuft Of Flowers and The Wood Pile, another being nature, in a way, leading the narrator to an object that consequently leads the reader to the meaning of the poem. In The Wood Pile a bird flies down close to the narrator and whilst being distracted by the bird the narrator comes to the foot of a neatly measured woodpile. To show the reader that this concrete image is the most important in this poem, Frost describes it precisely, â€Å"and measured four by four by eight†. This Woodpile lets Frost make his point that people get tired of the things they do and consequently forget about them, the reader can see this from the image of the wood decaying, â€Å"slow smokeless burning of decay†. Frost also talks about the uselessness of the woodpile if it is left there â€Å"leave it there far from a useful fire place†. The words decay and useless mean the same thing as waste and wastefulness, showing that Frost's meaning is that of humans discard for the things they do. In Tuft Of Flowers, the narrator is in the process of turning some freshly cut grass, so it can be dried and made into hay, when they spot a butterfly, that whilst following it with their eyes sees a beautiful area of flowers that the mower had left for the enjoyment of others. The narrator then realise that even though they and the mower are working separately they are not just working for themselves but for other people, and thus decide that men can never truly be alone, † ‘Men work together' I told him from the heart ‘whether they work together or work apart'†. As these two concrete images lead the reader to the meaning of the poem we can see that Frost uses concrete lexis to portray abstract ideas. I believe The Woodpile is sending out the message that people are wasteful and forgetful as the wood chopper has made this stack of wood perfectly and then went off and forgot about it, however, it might be that Frost is trying to tell us that the work is more important than the reward. I think the message Frost is trying to send across is that of humans' forgetfulness as the woodpile is left there to rot, the quote, â€Å"and leave it there far from a useful fire place† shows this. As Frost ends this poem on the image, â€Å"Slow smokeless burning of decay†, which is a rather nasty image, I feel the underlying message can't be a nice one; further, as the last word in the poem is decay, that is another way of saying waste, I feel Frost is criticising people by calling them wasteful. However, Frost does say, â€Å"I thought only someone who lived in turning to fresh tasks could so forget his handiwork†. As Frost says that this person must have moved on to another job very quickly in order to forget his amazing work this poem could be read on a level that Frost believes everybody should live like this and not care for the reward but the pleasure of working. The idea that people get tried of the things they do too quickly is repeated in the poem After Apple Picking. In this poem the narrator admits that even though he was really looking forward to this harvest he is bored of it now, â€Å"I am overtired of the great harvest I myself desired†. In the end of The Wood Pile we can see one of Frost's major themes that nature is stronger and in the end more powerful than humans. We can see this in two ways. Firstly, that the snow has obliterated all evidence that humans have been here to make this woodpile, â€Å"No runner tracks in this year's snow looped near it†. Secondly, the reader can see that the man made objects-the stake and the prop that were originally put there to support the woodpile are falling over, and that nature is supporting the woodpile now, firstly from a plant wrapped around it and secondly from a tree that it is balancing on. This idea that nature is protecting it now is emphasised by the simile, â€Å"clematis had wound string around it like a bundle†, the words wrap and bundle make this quote sound like he is relating the clematis to a mother and the woodpile to a new born baby, and thus emphising the effect of nature protecting the woodpile. Two of Frost's earliest poems, Ghost House and Mending Wall, also shows his idea that nature is more powerful than humans. Ghost House is about a house that has been abandoned and is now so overgrown it is like nature is claiming it back, just as the woodpile has been claimed back by the clematis. â€Å"The footpath down to the well is healed† this line from The Ghost House symbolises that the grass has grown over the footpath and the word healed shows that it is better than it was before. Mending Wall is about two farmers relentlessly putting up a wall that has been knocked down by wind and ice. The line, â€Å"The gaps I mean, no one has seen them made or heard them made† symbolises that something beyond their control is knocking the wall down, and as this thing is nature we can see that nature is more powerful than humans. The Woodpile, like many of his later poems, is written in blank verse. This poem is also written in the form of an un-rhyming monologue that gives the impression of a person that doesn't really have anything to say and thus is rambling. The frequent enjambment used also makes this poem sound like a one sided conversation. Frost uses this conversational technique in plenty of other poems such as After Apple Picking. This technique of making his poem sound like a conversation is backed up by the trivial and unexciting moment of experience that starts of the deep hidden meaning of this poem. Therefore, I believe that The Woodpile is quintessential Frost as it uses many of his techniques, such as his un-rhyming monologue, nature being stronger than humans, abstract ideas represented by a concrete lexis, and the bleak emotion of solitude.